Back to People

Leroy Hood, MD, PhD

Co-founder and Professor, ISB

Send Email Visit Hood Lab Overview →
  • Biography
  • Career Highlights
  • Education and Employment
  • Publications

A world-renowned scientist and recipient of the National Medal of Science in 2011, Dr. Leroy Hood co-founded the Institute for Systems Biology (ISB) in 2000, served as its first President from 2000-2017 and is also a Professor.

He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the National Academy of Medicine. Of the more than 6,000 scientists worldwide who belong to one or more of these academies, Dr. Hood is one of only 20 people elected to all three.

He received his MD from Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and his PhD in biochemistry from Caltech. Dr. Hood was a faculty member at Caltech from 1967-1992, serving for 10 years as the Chair of Biology. During this period, he and his colleagues developed four sequencer and synthesizer instruments that paved the way for the Human Genome Project’s successful mapping and understanding of the human genome. He and his students also deciphered many of the complex mechanisms of antibody diversification. In 1992, Dr. Hood founded and chaired the Department of Molecular Biotechnology at the University of Washington, the first academic department devoted to cross-disciplinary biology.

Dr. Hood is currently carrying out studies in Alzheimer’s Disease, cancer, and wellness. He is pioneering a 1 million patient genome/phenome project, and is bringing scientific (quantitative) wellness to the contemporary U.S. health care system.

Dr. Hood has played a role in founding 15 biotechnology companies including Amgen, Applied Biosystems, Arivale, and Nanostring. He has co-authored textbooks in biochemistry, immunology, molecular biology, genetics, and systems biology.

In addition to having received 18 honorary degrees from prestigious universities in the U.S. and abroad, Dr. Hood has published more than 850 peer-reviewed articles and currently holds 36 patents.

Dr. Hood is the recipient of numerous national and international awards, including the Lasker Award for Studies of Immune Diversity (1987), the Kyoto Prize in advanced technology (2002), the Heinz Award for pioneering work in Systems Biology (2006), the National Academy of Engineering Fritz J. and Delores H. Russ Prize for developing automated DNA sequencing (2011), and the National Academy of Science Award for Chemistry in Service to Society (2017).

2017      NAS Award for Chemistry in Service to Society
2016      The UCD Ulysses Medal
2015      The Johns Hopkins University Alumni Association Global Achievement Award
2014      Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Medal for Innovations in Healthcare Technology
2014      Geoffrey Beene Builders of Science award presented by Research!America
2013      Alvin J. Thompson Award for Leadership in K-12 education and science (awarded by NW Association for Biomedical Research)
2013      Future in Review, CEO of the Year
2012      Elected as a Fellow to the American Association for Cancer Research
2011       National Medal of Science
2011       Fritz and Dolores Russ Prize, National Academy of Engineering
2007      Elected Member, National Academy of Engineering
2007      Elected Member, Inventors Hall of Fame for the automated DNA sequencer
2006      Heinz Award for pioneering work in systems biology
2005      AACR-Irving Weinstein Foundation Distinguished Lecturer Award
2003      Elected Member, Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Science
2003      Lemelson-MIT Prize for Innovation and Invention
2002      Kyoto Prize in Advanced Technology
2000      Elected Member, American Philosophical Society
1993       Scientist of the Year, Research and Development Magazine
1987       Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award
1982       Elected Member, National Academy of Science
1982       Elected Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences

2018-present
Professor, Institute for Systems Biology

2000-2017
President, Co-founder and Professor, Institute for Systems Biology

1992-2000
Chairman and Founder of the Department of Molecular Biotechnology at University of Washington

1970-1992
Caltech Faculty Member — Chair of Biology for 10 years

1967-1970
Senior Investigator, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health

1967 PhD
Caltech

1964 MD
The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine

1960 BS
Caltech
Roach, J. C., Funk, C. C., Glusman, G., Merrill, D. A., Hodes, J. F., Rapozo, M. K., Edens, L., Vaidyaraman, A., Shankle, W. R., Hood, L., Bramen, J. E., & Consortium, the C. (2025). Specific plasma proteins and metabolites convey the effects of lifestyle interventions that improve cognition and function in Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer’s & Dementia, 20(S7), e091942. https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.091942 Cite Download
Kumari, S., Lausted, C., Scherler, K., Ng, A. H. C., Lu, Y., Lee, I., Hood, L., & Wang, K. (2024). Approaches and Challenges in Characterizing the Molecular Content of Extracellular Vesicles for Biomarker Discovery. Biomolecules, 14(12), 1599. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom14121599 Cite Download
Hwang, Y. M., Piekos, S. N., Paquette, A. G., Wei, Q., Price, N. D., Hood, L., & Hadlock, J. J. (2024). Accelerating adverse pregnancy outcomes research amidst rising medication use: parallel retrospective cohort analyses for signal prioritization. BMC Medicine, 22(1), 495. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-024-03717-0 Cite Download
Hwang, Y. M., Wei, Q., Piekos, S. N., Vemuri, B., Molani, S., Mease, P., Hood, L., & Hadlock, J. (2024). Maternal-fetal outcomes in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, with consideration of comorbidities: a retrospective cohort study in a large U.S. healthcare system. EClinicalMedicine, 68, 102435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102435 Cite Download
Johnson-Martínez, J. P., Diener, C., Levine, A. E., Wilmanski, T., Suskind, D. L., Ralevski, A., Hadlock, J., Magis, A. T., Hood, L., Rappaport, N., & Gibbons, S. M. (2024). Aberrant bowel movement frequencies coincide with increased microbe-derived blood metabolites associated with reduced organ function. Cell Reports. Medicine, 5(7), 101646. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101646 Cite
Hariharan, R., Hood, L., & Price, N. D. (2024). A data-driven approach to improve wellness and reduce recurrence in cancer survivors. Frontiers in Oncology, 14, 1397008. https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2024.1397008 Cite Download
Huang, Q., Hu, Z., Zheng, Q., Mao, X., Lv, W., Wu, F., Fu, D., Lu, C., Zeng, C., Wang, F., Zeng, Q., Fang, Q., & Hood, L. (2024). A Proactive Intervention Study in Metabolic Syndrome High-Risk Populations Using Phenome-Based Actionable P4 Medicine Strategy. Phenomics (Cham, Switzerland), 4(2), 91–108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43657-023-00115-z Cite
Zhang, Y., Qin, G., Aguilar, B., Rappaport, N., Yurkovich, J. T., Pflieger, L., Huang, S., Hood, L., & Shmulevich, I. (2024). A framework towards digital twins for type 2 diabetes. Frontiers in Digital Health, 6, 1336050. https://doi.org/10.3389/fdgth.2024.1336050 Cite Download
Hwang, Y. M., Roper, R. T., Piekos, S. N., Enquobahrie, D. A., Hebert, M. F., Paquette, A. G., Baloni, P., Price, N. D., Hood, L., & Hadlock, J. J. (2024). Timing of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor use and risk for preterm birth and related adverse events: with a consideration of the COVID-19 pandemic period. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 37(1), 2313364. https://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2024.2313364 Cite Download
Hwang, Y.-M., Piekos, S., Sorensen, T., Hood, L., & Hadlock, J. (2023). Adoption of a National Prophylactic Anticoagulation Guideline for Hospitalized Pregnant Women With COVID-19: Retrospective Cohort Study. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, 9, e45586. https://doi.org/10.2196/45586 Cite
Roach, J. C., Rapozo, M. K., Hara, J., Glusman, G., Lovejoy, J., Shankle, W. R., Hood, L., & COCOA Consortium: (2023). A Remotely Coached Multimodal Lifestyle Intervention for Alzheimer’s Disease Ameliorates Functional and Cognitive Outcomes. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease: JAD, 96(2), 591–607. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-230403 Cite
Hwang, Y. M., Wei, Q., Piekos, S. N., Vemuri, B., Molani, S., Mease, P., Hood, L., & Hadlock, J. J. (2023). Maternal-fetal outcomes in patients with immune mediated inflammatory diseases, with consideration of comorbidities: a retrospective cohort study in a large U.S. healthcare system. MedRxiv: The Preprint Server for Health Sciences, 2023.08.07.23293726. https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.08.07.23293726 Cite Download
Rappaport, N., Ellis, D., Watanabe, K., Wilmanski, T., Hood, L., Price, N., Funk, C., & Baloni, P. (2023). BIOLOGICAL AGING AND APOE STATUS REWIRE INTER-OMIC ASSOCIATIONS RELATED TO BIOENERGETICS IN HUMANS. Innovation in Aging, 7(Suppl 1), 631–632. https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.2058 Cite Download
Yurkovich, J. T., Evans, S. J., Rappaport, N., Boore, J. L., Lovejoy, J. C., Price, N. D., & Hood, L. E. (2023). The transition from genomics to phenomics in personalized population health. Nature Reviews. Genetics. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41576-023-00674-x Cite
Hood, L., & Penberthy, S. (2023). “We’re Doing it Wrong!” Phenomics and Hyperscale AI for Health Care. AI in Precision Oncology, 6–7. https://doi.org/10.1089/aipo.2023.29001.lho Cite Download
Barak, O., Lovelace, T., Piekos, S., Chu, T., Cao, Z., Sadovsky, E., Mouillet, J.-F., Ouyang, Y., Parks, W. T., Hood, L., Price, N. D., Benos, P. V., & Sadovsky, Y. (2023). Integrated unbiased multiomics defines disease-independent placental clusters in common obstetrical syndromes. BMC Medicine, 21(1), 349. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-023-03054-8 Cite
Piekos, S. N., Hwang, Y. M., Roper, R. T., Sorensen, T., Price, N. D., Hood, L., & Hadlock, J. J. (2023). Effect of COVID-19 vaccination and booster on maternal-fetal outcomes: a retrospective cohort study. The Lancet. Digital Health, 5(9), e594–e606. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500(23)00093-6 Cite Download
Huang, Y. L., Dickerson, L. K., Kenerson, H., Jiang, X., Pillarisetty, V., Tian, Q., Hood, L., Gujral, T. S., & Yeung, R. S. (2023). Organotypic Models for Functional Drug Testing of Human Cancers. BME Frontiers, 4, 0022. https://doi.org/10.34133/bmef.0022 Cite Download
Muhie, S., Gautam, A., Misganaw, B., Yang, R., Mellon, S. H., Hoke, A., Flory, J., Daigle, B., Swift, K., Hood, L., Doyle, F. J., Wolkowitz, O. M., Marmar, C. R., Ressler, K., Yehuda, R., Hammamieh, R., & Jett, M. (2023). Integrated analysis of proteomics, epigenomics and metabolomics data revealed divergent pathway activation patterns in the recent versus chronic post-traumatic stress disorder. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 113, 303–316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2023.07.015 Cite Download
Watanabe, K., Wilmanski, T., Baloni, P., Robinson, M., Garcia, G. G., Hoopmann, M. R., Midha, M. K., Baxter, D. H., Maes, M., Morrone, S. R., Crebs, K. M., Kapil, C., Kusebauch, U., Wiedrick, J., Lapidus, J., Pflieger, L., Lausted, C., Roach, J. C., Glusman, G., … Rappaport, N. (2023). Lifespan-extending interventions induce consistent patterns of fatty acid oxidation in mouse livers. Communications Biology, 6(1), 768. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-023-05128-y Cite
Heilig, R., Eckenberg, R., Petit, J.-L., Fonknechten, N., Da Silva, C., Cattolico, L., Levy, M., Barbe, V., de Berardinis, V., Ureta-Vidal, A., Pelletier, E., Vico, V., Anthouard, V., Rowen, L., Madan, A., Qin, S., Sun, H., Du, H., Pepin, K., … Weissenbach, J. (2023). Publisher Correction: The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 14. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06403-y Cite
Muhie, S., Gautam, A., Yang, R., Misganaw, B., Daigle, B. J., Mellon, S. H., Flory, J. D., Abu-Amara, D., Lee, I., Wang, K., Rampersaud, R., PTSD Systems Biology Consortium, Hood, L., Yehuda, R., Marmar, C. R., Wolkowitz, O. M., Ressler, K. J., Doyle, F. J., Hammamieh, R., & Jett, M. (2023). Molecular signatures of post-traumatic stress disorder in war-zone-exposed veteran and active-duty soldiers. Cell Reports. Medicine, 4(5), 101045. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101045 Cite Download
Watanabe, K., Wilmanski, T., Diener, C., Earls, J. C., Zimmer, A., Lincoln, B., Hadlock, J. J., Lovejoy, J. C., Gibbons, S. M., Magis, A. T., Hood, L., Price, N. D., & Rappaport, N. (2023). Multiomic signatures of body mass index identify heterogeneous health phenotypes and responses to a lifestyle intervention. Nature Medicine, 29(4), 996–1008. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-023-02248-0 Cite Download
Fang, H., Chen, L., Hood, L., & Tian, Q. (2023). Editorial: Translational phenomics and its applications in immunotherapy. Frontiers in Immunology, 14, 1211704. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1211704 Cite Download
Hwang, Y. M., Roper, R. T., Piekos, S. N., Enquobahrie, D. A., Hebert, M. F., Paquette, A. G., Baloni, P., Price, N. D., Hood, L., & Hadlock, J. J. (2023). Timing of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor use and risk for preterm birth and related adverse events. medRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.03.03.23286717 Cite Download
Johnson, J. P., Diener, C., Levine, A. E., Wilmanski, T., Suskind, D. L., Ralevski, A., Hadlock, J., Magis, A. T., Hood, L., Rappaport, N., & Gibbons, S. M. (2023). Generally-healthy individuals with aberrant bowel movement frequencies show enrichment for microbially-derived blood metabolites associated with impaired kidney function. bioRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.03.04.531100 Cite Download
Piekos, S. N., Price, N. D., Hood, L., & Hadlock, J. J. (2022). The impact of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination on maternal-fetal outcomes. Reproductive Toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.), S0890-6238(22)00153-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reprotox.2022.10.003 Cite Download
Diener, C., Dai, C. L., Wilmanski, T., Baloni, P., Smith, B., Rappaport, N., Hood, L., Magis, A. T., & Gibbons, S. M. (2022). Genome-microbiome interplay provides insight into the determinants of the human blood metabolome. Nature Metabolism, 4(11), 1560–1572. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-022-00670-1 Cite Download
Baloni, P., Arnold, M., Buitrago, L., Nho, K., Moreno, H., Huynh, K., Brauner, B., Louie, G., Kueider-Paisley, A., Suhre, K., Saykin, A. J., Ekroos, K., Meikle, P. J., Hood, L., Price, N. D., Alzheimer’s Disease Metabolomics Consortium, Doraiswamy, P. M., Funk, C. C., Hernández, A. I., … Kaddurah-Daouk, R. (2022). Multi-Omic analyses characterize the ceramide/sphingomyelin pathway as a therapeutic target in Alzheimer’s disease. Communications Biology, 5(1), 1074. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-022-04011-6 Cite Download
Watanabe, K., Wilmanski, T., Diener, C., Zimmer, A., Lincoln, B., Hadlock, J. J., Lovejoy, J. C., Magis, A. T., Hood, L., Price, N. D., & Rappaport, N. (2022). Multiomic investigations of Body Mass Index reveal heterogeneous trajectories in response to a lifestyle intervention. medRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.20.22269601 Cite Download
Hood, L. (2022). P4 Medicine & What 21st Century Medicine Should Be. SSF Neurosurgery Grand Rounds. https://digitalcommons.psjhealth.org/publications/5700 Cite
Baloni, P., Nho, K., Arnold, M., Louie, G., Kueider-Paisley, A., Saykin, A. J., Ekroos, K., Funk, C., Hood, L., Price, N. D., Baillie, R., Kastenmüller, G., Han, X., & Kaddurah-Daouk, R. F. (2022). Investigating the importance of acylcarnitines in Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer’s & Dementia, 17(S3), e056647. https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.056647 Cite Download
Watanabe, K., Wilmanski, T., Baloni, P., Robinson, M., Garcia, G. G., Hoopmann, M. R., Midha, M. K., Baxter, D. H., Maes, M., Morrone, S. R., Crebs, K. M., Kapil, C., Kusebauch, U., Wiedrick, J., Lapidus, J., Lovejoy, J. C., Magis, A. T., Lausted, C., Roach, J. C., … Rappaport, N. (2022). Systems-level patterns in biological processes are changed under prolongevity interventions and across biological age. medRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.11.22277435 Cite Download
Roach, J. C., Hara, J., Fridman, D., Lovejoy, J. C., Jade, K., Heim, L., Romansik, R., Swietlikowski, A., Phillips, S., Rapozo, M. K., Shay, M. A., Fischer, D., Funk, C., Dill, L., Brant-Zawadzki, M., Hood, L., & Shankle, W. R. (2022). The Coaching for Cognition in Alzheimer’s (COCOA) trial: Study design. Alzheimer’s & Dementia (New York, N. Y.), 8(1), e12318. https://doi.org/10.1002/trc2.12318 Cite Download
Roach, J. C., Edens, L., Markewych, D. R., Rapozo, M. K., Hara, J., Glusman, G., Funk, C., Bramen, J., Baloni, P., Shankle, W. R., & Hood, L. (2022). A multimodal intervention for Alzheimer’s disease results in multifaceted systemic effects reflected in blood and ameliorates functional and cognitive outcomes. medRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.09.27.22280385 Cite Download
Wilmanski, T., Kornilov, S. A., Diener, C., Conomos, M. P., Lovejoy, J. C., Sebastiani, P., Orwoll, E. S., Hood, L., Price, N. D., Rappaport, N., Magis, A. T., & Gibbons, S. M. (2022). Heterogeneity in statin responses explained by variation in the human gut microbiome. Med (New York, N.Y.), 3(6), 388-405.e6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medj.2022.04.007 Cite Download
Heath, L., Earls, J. C., Magis, A. T., Kornilov, S. A., Lovejoy, J. C., Funk, C. C., Rappaport, N., Logsdon, B. A., Mangravite, L. M., Kunkle, B. W., Martin, E. R., Naj, A. C., Ertekin-Taner, N., Golde, T. E., Hood, L., Price, N. D., & Alzheimer’s Disease Genetics Consortium. (2022). Manifestations of Alzheimer’s disease genetic risk in the blood are evident in a multiomic analysis in healthy adults aged 18 to 90. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 6117. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-09825-2 Cite Download
Omenn, G. S., Magis, A. T., Price, N. D., & Hood, L. (2022). Personal Dense Dynamic Data Clouds Connect Systems Biomedicine to Scientific Wellness. Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.), 2486, 315–334. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2265-0_15 Cite
Roach, J. C., Hodes, J. F., Funk, C. C., Shankle, W. R., Merrill, D. A., Hood, L., & Bramen, J. (2022). Dense data enables 21th century clinical trials. Alzheimer’s & Dementia: Translational Research & Clinical Interventions, 8(1), e12297. https://doi.org/10.1002/trc2.12297 Cite Download
Piekos, S. N., Roper, R. T., Hwang, Y. M., Sorensen, T., Price, N. D., Hood, L., & Hadlock, J. J. (2022). The effect of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection timing on birth outcomes: a retrospective multicentre cohort study. The Lancet. Digital Health, 4(2), e95–e104. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500(21)00250-8 Cite Download
Su, Y., Yuan, D., Chen, D. G., Ng, R. H., Wang, K., Choi, J., Li, S., Hong, S., Zhang, R., Xie, J., Kornilov, S. A., Scherler, K., Pavlovitch-Bedzyk, A. J., Dong, S., Lausted, C., Lee, I., Fallen, S., Dai, C. L., Baloni, P., … Heath, J. R. (2022). Multiple Early Factors Anticipate Post-Acute COVID-19 Sequelae. Cell, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.014 Cite Download
Ross, M. K., Raji, C., Lokken, K. L., Bredesen, D. E., Roach, J. C., Funk, C. C., Price, N., Rappaport, N., Hood, L., & Heath, J. R. (2021). Case Study: A Precision Medicine Approach to Multifactorial Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease & Parkinsonism, 11(Suppl 5), 018. Cite
Sun, B., Lorang, C., Qin, S., Zhang, Y., Liu, K., Li, G., Sun, Z., Francke, A., Utleg, A. G., Hu, Z., Wang, K., Moritz, R. L., & Hood, L. (2021). Mouse Organ-Specific Proteins and Functions. Cells, 10(12), 3449. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10123449 Cite Download
Lee, J. W., Su, Y., Baloni, P., Chen, D., Pavlovitch-Bedzyk, A. J., Yuan, D., Duvvuri, V. R., Ng, R. H., Choi, J., Xie, J., Zhang, R., Murray, K., Kornilov, S., Smith, B., Magis, A. T., Hoon, D. S. B., Hadlock, J. J., Goldman, J. D., Price, N. D., … Heath, J. R. (2021). Integrated analysis of plasma and single immune cells uncovers metabolic changes in individuals with COVID-19. Nature Biotechnology. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41587-021-01020-4 Cite Download
Zimmer, A., Korem, Y., Rappaport, N., Wilmanski, T., Baloni, P., Jade, K., Robinson, M., Magis, A. T., Lovejoy, J., Gibbons, S. M., Hood, L., & Price, N. D. (2021). The geometry of clinical labs and wellness states from deeply phenotyped humans. Nature Communications, 12(1), 3578. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23849-8 Cite Download
McEwen, S. C., Merrill, D. A., Bramen, J., Porter, V., Panos, S., Kaiser, S., Hodes, J., Ganapathi, A., Bell, L., Bookheimer, T., Glatt, R., Rapozo, M., Ross, M. K., Price, N. D., Kelly, D., Funk, C. C., Hood, L., & Roach, J. C. (2021). A systems-biology clinical trial of a personalized multimodal lifestyle intervention for early Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer’s & Dementia (New York, N. Y.), 7(1), e12191. https://doi.org/10.1002/trc2.12191 Cite Download
Su, Y., Yuan, D., Chen, D. G., Wang, K., Choi, J., Dai, C. L., Hong, S., Zhang, R., Xie, J., Li, S., Scherler, K., Pavlovitch-Bedzyk, A. J., Dong, S., Lausted, C., Ng, R. H., Lee, I., Fallen, S., Kornilov, S. A., Baloni, P., … Heath, J. R. (2021). Heterogeneous immunological recovery trajectories revealed in post-acute COVID-19. MedRxiv, 2021.03.19.21254004. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.19.21254004 Cite Download
Siegel, C. E., Laska, E. M., Lin, Z., Xu, M., Abu-Amara, D., Jeffers, M. K., Qian, M., Milton, N., Flory, J. D., Hammamieh, R., Daigle, B. J., Gautam, A., Dean, K. R., Reus, V. I., Wolkowitz, O. M., Mellon, S. H., Ressler, K. J., Yehuda, R., Wang, K., … Marmar, C. R. (2021). Utilization of machine learning for identifying symptom severity military-related PTSD subtypes and their biological correlates. Translational Psychiatry, 11(1), 227. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01324-8 Cite Download
Wilmanski, T., Diener, C., Rappaport, N., Patwardhan, S., Wiedrick, J., Lapidus, J., Earls, J. C., Zimmer, A., Glusman, G., Robinson, M., Yurkovich, J. T., Kado, D. M., Cauley, J. A., Zmuda, J., Lane, N. E., Magis, A. T., Lovejoy, J. C., Hood, L., Gibbons, S. M., … Price, N. D. (2021). Gut microbiome pattern reflects healthy ageing and predicts survival in humans. Nature Metabolism, 3(2), 274–286. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-021-00348-0 Cite